Hormones-Multiple Choice Questions

Q.1- A dietary deficiency of iodine would do which of the following?

a) Directly affect the synthesis of Thyroglobulin

b) Result in increased secretion of Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

c) Result in decreased production of Thyrotropin releasing hormone

d) Result in increased basal metabolic rate

e) Raise the blood pressure and heart rate

Q.2- Which of the following acts to increase the release of Ca ⁺⁺ from the endoplasmic reticulum?

a) Diacylglycerol (DAG)

b) Inositol tri phosphate

c) Parathyroid hormone

D) Calcitonin

e) 1, 25- Dihydroxycholecalciferol (1, 25-DHC)

Q.3- Which of the following stimulates the synthesis of milk protein?

a) Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

b) Prolactin (PRL)

c) Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

d) Growth hormone (GH)

e) FSH (Follicle stimulating hormone)

Q.4- The release of which of the following is inhibited by Thyroxin?

a)LH

b) PRL

c) TSH

d) GH

e) FSH

Q.5- Which of the following hormones promotes hypoglycemia?

a) Epinephrine

b) Nor epinephrine

c) Insulin

d) Growth hormone

e) Glucagon

Q.6- Increased reabsorption of water from kidney is the major consequence of which of the following hormones?

a) Cortisol

b) Insulin

c) Vasopressin

d) Glucagon

e) Aldosterone

Q.7- Lack of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids might be a consequence of which of the following defects in the adrenal cortex?

a) Estrone deficiency

b) Testosterone deficiency

c) 17-α hydroxy progesterone deficiency

d) Androstenedione deficiency

e) C 21- hydroxylase deficiency

Q.8- Which of the following hormones can cause hyperglycemia without known effects on glycogen or gluconeogenesis?

a) Thyroxin

b) Epinephrine

c) Glucocorticoids

d) Glucagon

e) Growth hormone

Q.9 – Which of the following statements best describes Insulin?

a) Its action is antagonistic to that of Glucagon

b) It is a small peptide composed of a single chain bridged by disulfide groups

c) It does not have a prohormone form

d) It promotes glucose absorption from the intestine and renal tubular cells

e) It has a direct role in the uptake of glucose in nerve and red blood cells.

Q.10- Which of the following is noted in Cushing’s syndrome, a disease of adrenal cortex?

a) Decreased production of epinephrine

b) Excessive production of vasopressin

c) Excessive production of cortisol

d) Decreased production of cortisol

e) Deceased production of Norepinephrine

Q.11- Which of the following statements best describes the mechanism of action of sex hormones?

a) They bind specific membrane receptors

b) They interact with DNA directly

c) They cause the release of the second messenger from the cell membrane

d) They enhance transcription when bound to receptors

e) They inhibit translation through specific cytoplasmic proteins

Q.12- Which of the following stimulates the production of progesterone by the corpus luteum?

a) LH

b) PRL

c) TSH

d) GH

e) FSH

Q.13- Which of the following pituitary hormones will increase if communication from the hypothalamus is severed?

a) GH

b) TSH

c) PRL

d) Vasopressin

e) Cortisol

Q.14- Which of the following hormones is associated with diuresis?

a) Oxytocin

b) Vasopressin

c) Prolactin

d) Estrogen

e) None of the above.

Q.15- A 73-year-old woman is transferred to an intensive care unit after she is found to be in septic shock. It is believed that she originally had a urinary tract infection and that the bacteria seeded her bloodstream. The critical care fellow is concerned she may not have an adequate stress response in this situation. He orders a cosyntropin test, which evaluates the body’s ability to produce which of the following hormones?

a) Oxytocin

b) Vasopressin

c) Cortisol

d) Corticotropin-releasing hormone

e) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Q.16. – Which of the following hormones is secreted in response to Angiotensin II?

a) Cortisol

b) Aldosterone

c) Thyroxin

d) Estrogen

e) FSH

Q.17- A 23-year-old woman has been referred from an endocrinologist for weight gain, especially around the waist. She also has striae over the abdomen and a rounded appearance to her face. She is found to have Cushing disease. Which of the following is found in this patient?

a) Deceased absorption of glucose from the intestine

b) Decreased lipolysis

c) Increased protein synthesis

d) Increased gluconeogenesis

e) Decreased liver glycogen stores

Q.18-A A 34-year-old man comes to the emergency room with a headache and a blurred vision. He complains that his wedding ring no longer fits him and that his favorite hat no longer fits on his head. His wife feels that his nose has become wider. He is found to have Acromegaly. Which of the following metabolic effects would you expect in this patient?

a) Decreased protein synthesis

b) Inhibition of gluconeogenesis

c) Inhibition of lipolysis

d) Increased protein synthesis

e) Increased cholesterol synthesis

Q.19- A 75-year-old woman with osteoporosis complains of back pain. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of her back confirms a compressing fracture of the L3 vertebra. The attending physician begins treating the patient with morphine for pain control. Morphine is an analgesic that works similarly to which of the following endogenously produced substance?

a) ACTH

b) POMC

c) MSH

d) Endorphin

e) Lipotropin

Q.20- A 56-year- old woman with a 60-pack year history of smoking is recently found to have a large mass in her lungs, likely a tumor. Her basic lab demonstrates a reduce serum sodium of 127 mmol/L and reduced urine osmolality. She likely has which of the following endocrine abnormalities?

a) Cushing disease

b) Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH)

c) Cushing syndrome

d) Acromegaly

e) Prolactinoma

Q.21- A 75-year-old man complains of increased urinary frequency, especially at night. he has difficulty starting to urinate and often dribbles urine when he finishes. His urologist suspects benign hyperplasia and places him on a 5-α-Reductase inhibitor. This would decrease which of the following?

a) Conversion of c-AMP to adenosine

b) Release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum

c) Prostaglandin synthesis

d) Conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II

e) Conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

Key to answers

1)- b, 2)-b, 3)-b, 4)-C, 5)-c, 6)-c, 7)-e,8)-a, 9)-a, 10)-c,11)-d,12)-a, 13)-c, 14)-e,15)-c, 16)-b, 17)-d, 18)-d, 19)-d, 20)-b, 21)-e