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Translation- Multiple choice questions

1. The following are all characteristics of genetic code except:

  1. Universal
  2. Degenerate
  3. Non-overlapping
  4. Ambiguous

2. Which of the following statement is not true concerning the role of Aminoacyl t-RNA synthetases:

  1. Charging an aminoacyl t-RNA synthetase (loading) with an amino acid is an energetically favorable reaction.
  2. For every amino acid, there are several Aminoacyl t-RNA synthetases.
  3. An amide bond is formed between an amino acid and tRNA.
  4. They have the ability to identify and remove the incorrectly loaded amino acid.

3. Which of the following changes in mRNA (resulting from point mutation) would result in the synthesis of a protein identical to the normal protein?

  1. UCA – UAA
  2. UCA- CCA
  3. UCA- UCU
  4. UCA- ACA

4. The initiation of translation in eukaryotes requires which of the following:

  1. Initiation factor (IF-2)
  2. Elongation factor (EF)-2
  3. A 40-S ribosomal subunit
  4. Methionyl-tRNA (f Met).

5. Which of the following statements about prokaryotic translation is incorrect?

  1. Transcription and translation are simultaneous
  2. Initiation takes place with the help of Methionyl-tRNA (f Met)
  3. 20 S and 60 S subunits together form a ribosome of 80 S
  4. Chloramphenicol inhibits prokaryotic translation.

6. Which of the following components is required in prokaryotic protein synthesis?

  1. Aminoacyl t RNA synthetase
  2. Helicase
  3. Topoisomerase
  4. Primase.

7. With respect to translation, which of the following statements about the role of Methionine is incorrect?

  1. It is always the first amino acid to be incorporated in the growing polypeptide chain.
  2. It is only found at the N–Terminal end of the proteins.
  3. It requires a codon AUG for its incorporation in the peptide chain.
  4. Nonformylated form of Methionine is used for the initiation of eukaryotic protein synthesis.

8. The A-58-year-old male has recently been diagnosed with hemochromatosis. He presents with bronze discoloration of the skin and is found to have elevated plasma glucose and ferritin levels. The physician finds that he is carrying a mutation where tyrosine is substituted for Cysteine of the HFE gene. This disease results from which of the following mutations?

  1. Silent
  2. Nonsense
  3. Missense
  4. Frameshift.

9. A 34-year-old female develops a nonproductive cough and a low-grade fever. The attending physician suspects Mycoplasma pneumonia and starts empirically with Erythromycin. Which of the following describes the mechanism of action of Erythromycin?

  1. Inhibits the 50S ribosomal subunit.
  2. Inhibits the initiation factor- 1(IF-1).
  3. Binds to shine Dalgarno sequence.
  4. Inhibits the incoming aminoacyl tRNA.

10. A -4-year-old girl has been brought to the Pediatric OPD with fever and cough that sounds like a “whoop”. The pediatrician learns that the child has not been properly immunized and has yet to receive Pertussis vaccination. The mechanism by which the pertussis toxin causes cell death is through the inhibition of:

  1. Translocase
  2. Peptidyl transferase
  3. Elongation factor (EF)-2
  4. Aminoacyl t-RNA synthetase.

11. An 18-year-old girl has been advised to start with Tetracycline for the treatment for her acne. Which of the following statements best describes the mechanism of action of Tetracycline?  The drug Tetracycline:

  1. binds reversibly to the 30S subunit and distorts it.
  2. inhibits prokaryotic Peptidyl Transferase
  3. inactivates the prokaryotic elongation factors
  4. structurally binds to the aminoacyl t RNA.

12. Which of the following is not an example of post-translational modifications?

  1. Covalent modification
  2. Allosteric modification
  3. Gamma carboxylation
  4. Trimming

13. A 34-year-old has reported to the Medical OPD with a high -grade fever, dry cough, headache, loss of appetite, and pain abdomen lasting from the past seven days. She has been diagnosed with typhoid fever, for which she has been started with Chloramphenicol. The drug acts by inhibiting prokaryotic :

  1. Translocase
  2. Peptidyl transferase
  3. Initiation factor (IF)-2
  4. Aminoacyl t-RNA synthetase.

14- Immunoglobulins, hemoglobin, and collagen are modified post-translationally by the process of:

  1. Hydroxylation
  2. Subunit aggregation
  3. Methylation
  4. Trimming.

Answer Key

1).d; 2)-b;3)-c; 4)-c;5)-c; 6)-d;7)-b;8)-c;9)-a;10)-c;11)-a;12)-b;13)-b;14)-b

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Reference Books By Dr. Namrata Chhabra

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