HIV Infection-Multiple-choice questions

Q.1- Choose the incorrect statement out of the following for the human immune deficiency virus

a) The reverse transcriptase enzyme is a characteristic feature of retroviruses

b) p10 is a protease that cleaves gag precursor

c) p32is an Integrase

d) gag encodes for the lipid bilayer of the virus.

Q.2- The specific binding of HIV to the CD 4 surface molecules of the host cell membrane is brought about by which of the following?

a) gp 120                                             

b) gp 41

c) p32                                                 

d) p55

Q.3- All of the following except one are CD 4 ⁺ cells.

a) Monocytes                                      

 b) T –helper cells

c) T-cytotoxic cells                             

 d) Macrophages

Q.4- Which immune marker is present during the window period of HIV infection?

a) p24 antigen                                    

b) Antibodies to gp 120

c) Antibodies to gp 41                        

d) p17 antigens

Q.5. Which of the following is a preferred mode of transmission of HIV infection from mother to child?

a) During pregnancy through the placenta

b) During delivery through the mixing of blood

c) Through breast milk during lactation

d) All of the above.

Q.6-Which out of the following is the category of high-risk subjects for acquiring HIV infection?

a) Professional sex workers                

b) Drug addicts

c) Persons getting repeated blood transfusions

d) All of the above

Q.7- The pol gene does not encode for which of the following enzymes?

a) Protease

b) Integrase

c) Reverse t ranscriptase

d) RNA polymerase

Q.8-Which of the following best describes the role of Reverse transcriptase?

a) For the synthesis of RNA from genomic RNA

b) For the synthesis of DNA from genomic DNA

c) For the synthesis of DNA from genomic RNA

d) For the synthesis of mRNA from Host DNA.

Q.9- Choose the odd one out –

a) gag                                                  

b)tat

c)nif                                                   

d)rev

Q.10- Which statement best describes the basis for failure to produce a vaccine against HIV

a) HIV is a highly mutable virus

b) HIV Integrase its genome into the host DNA, hence protected from the immune system

c) HIV is not killed only by the humoral response, cellular immunity is also required

d) All of the above.

Q.11-A gynecologist, while doing a cesarean section for an HIV-positive female, got accidentally pricked by a needle.  The serum sample was sent for analysis 2 weeks after the infection was acquired. Which of the following markers might have been positive for confirmation of diagnosis?

a) p24                                                 

 b) viral RNA

c) Free Virus                                        

 d) All of the above.

Q.12-An HIV-positive male presented to the emergency with fever, pneumonia, and oral thrush. The attending physician described that all the presenting symptoms are due to an underlying collapsed immune system. What is the possible cause of immune incompetence?

a) T-c cells remain inactive, and cell-mediated immunity is compromised                                 

b) NK cells are depleted; cancer and virally infected cells are not removed

c)T-helper cells are depleted, and all components of the immune system are paralyzed

d) All of the above.

Q.13- At present, the reasonable approach to initiate antiretroviral therapy for anyone is–

a)All symptomatic patients

b) Pregnant women

c) CD 4 count below 350U/L

d) Any of the above.

Q.14- Which of the following techniques can detect viral nucleic acids?

a) ELISA                                              

 b) Western Blotting

c) PCR                                                  

 d) viral isolation

Q.15- Which of the following is not a rapid test for the diagnosis of HIV infection?

a) Dot Blot Assay                                 

 b) Particle agglutination test

c) Western Blotting                             

 d) HIV spot and comb test

Q.16- Western Blotting is considered a gold standard for confirming HIV infection. Which statement best describes the basis?

a) It is a rapid and sensitive test

b) It can detect antigens and antibodies simultaneously

c) Antibodies against gag and env are simultaneously detected

d) None of the above.

Q.17-The best treatment for HIV infection is which of the following?

a) Reverse transcriptase inhibitors

b) Protease Inhibitors

c) Integrase inhibitors

d) Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)

Q.18- Which structural component of HIV is required for cell-cell fusion?

a) p 24

b) gp 41

c) gp 120

d) p32

Answers-

1)-d

2)- a

3)- c

4)- a

5)- d

6)- d

7)- d

8)- c

9)- a

10)-d

11)- d

12)- d

13)- d

14)- c

15)-c

16)-c

17)-d

18)-b

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