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Multiple-Choice Questions- Acid-Base Balance-Test Your Knowledge!

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Q.1- A person was admitted in a coma. Analysis of the arterial blood gave the following values: PCO2 16 mm Hg, HCO3– 5 mmol/l and pH 7.1. What is the underlying acid-base disorder? a) Metabolic Acidosis b) Metabolic Alkalosis c) Respiratory Acidosis d) Respiratory Alkalosis Q.2- In a man undergoing surgery, it was necessary to aspirate the contents of […]

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Frequently asked questions – Acid base balance and imbalance

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Q.1- Explain clearly how hyperventilation and hypoventilation affect blood p H ?  Give suitable examples in support of your answer. Q.2- Explain the role of hemoglobin as a buffer in the maintenance of acid-base balance in the body. Q.3-The maintenance of intracellular pH within narrow limits is essential for life processes. Briefly discuss why this is so and

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Stress-induced hypocalcemia

Learning resources, Acid-base balance and imbalance, Case studies, Multiple-choice questions /

Case details A 15- year-old boy had numbness and tingling around his mouth and in his fingertips. The problem was intermittent usually occurring during times of great stress. Aside from his problem, he had been in good health. His physical examination was normal, as were his laboratory values, especially his total calcium concentration was 2.5

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Case studies- Acid Base Balance and Imbalance

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Case details-1   A 45 year-old-female suffering from bronchial asthma was brought to an emergency in a critical state with extreme difficulty in breathing. The blood gas analysis revealed the following pH- 7.3 PCO2- 46 mm Hg PO2- 55 mm Hg HCO3- 24meq/L What is your Interpretation? Case discussion- Low pH – acidosis Low PO2

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Sanfilippo syndrome

Case studies, Chemistry of Biomolecules, Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Clinical Case discussions, Multiple-choice questions, USMLE Style questions, USMLE styled question bank /

Case details A 6-year-old boy is seen by a pediatrician because his parents are concerned about his aggressive behavior, hyperactivity, and a loss of language skills. He also has recently become increasingly unsteady on his feet and has experienced a recent seizure. Slight facial feature coarsening is noted. In which of the following processes is this child

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Digoxin- Chemistry and mechanism of action

Case studies, Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Library, Multiple-choice questions, USMLE styled question bank /

A 57 -year-old man has been admitted with congestive heart failure. He has been given Digoxin, which helps the heart to beat more strongly and regularly. Digoxin is an ester that contains a sugar component (glycol) and a nonsugar (aglycone) component attached via oxygen. Digoxin should be best classified as a: A. Disaccharide B. Glycoprotein

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Gray Baby Syndrome and the Role of Glucuronic acid

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Case details Infants have decreased ability to conjugate Glucuronic acid on to drugs such as Chloramphenicol. Administration of this antibiotic during the neonatal period can result in elevated plasma levels of the drug and a fetal shock-like syndrome referred to as Gray Baby syndrome. (Image courtesy-Gray Baby Syndrome: What You Need to Know) Glucuronic acid

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Chemical Nature of Sialic acid

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The influenza virus infects cells by binding its viral hemagglutinin to “Sialic acid” on the surface of epithelial cells. Which of the following represents the true chemical nature of sialic acid? A. Glycolipid B. Amino sugar C. Amino sugar acid D. Lipoprotein E. Glycoprotein. Details The correct answer is C- Amino sugar acid. Sialic acid

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Solved questions on Polysaccharides

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Q.1- What are storage polysaccharides? Give a brief description of each of them. Answer- Glycogen, starch, and Inulin are storage polysaccharides. 1) Glycogen- Glycogen is a readily mobilized storage form of glucose. It is a very large, branched polymer of glucose residues (Figure-1) that can be broken down to yield glucose molecules when energy is needed.

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